KEY MARKERS

Microbial & Gut Health Markers
Yeast & Fungal Markers:
  • Citramalic Acid
  • 5-Hydroxymethyl-Furoic Acid
  • 3-Oxoglutaric Acid
  • Furan-2,5-Dicarboxylic Acid
  • Furancarbonylglycine
  • Tartaric Acid
  • Arabinose
  • Carboxycitric Acid
  • Tricarballylic Acid
  • Bacterial & Clostridia Markers:
  • Hippuric Acid
  • 2-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid
  • 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid
  • 4-Hydroxyhippuric Acid
  • DHPPA
  • 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid
  • HPHPA
  • 4-Cresol
  • Indoleacetic Acid

Metabolic & Mitochondrial Function Markers

Energy Metabolism & Krebs

Cycle Markers:

  • Succinic Acid
  • Fumaric Acid
  • Malic Acid
  • 2-Oxoglutaric Acid
  • Cis-Aconitic Acid
  • Citric Acid
Ketone & Fatty Acid Oxidation Markers:
  • 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid
  • Acetoacetic Acid
  • 4-Hydroxybutyric Acid
  • Adipic Acid
  • Suberic Acid
  • Sebacic Acid
  • Ethylmalonic Acid
  • Methylsuccinic Acid

Neurotransmitter & Brain Function Markers

Neurotransmitter Metabolites:
  • DOPAC
  • HVA
  • VMA
  • Serotonin & Tryptophan Metabolites:
  • 5-HIAA
  • Kynurenic Acid

Detoxification, Nutritional & Oxidative Stress Markers

Detoxification & Oxidative Stress Markers:
  • Pyroglutamic Acid
  • 2-Hydroxybutyric Acid
  • N-Acetylcysteine Acid

Pyrimidine Metabolites:
  • Thymine
  • Uracil
Vitamin & Nutritional Markers:
  • 3-Hydroxy-3
  • Methylglutaric Acid
  • Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)
  • Glutaric Acid (Vitamin B2)
  • Methylcitric Acid (Biotin)
  • Methylmalonic Acid (Vitamin B12)
  • Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)
  • Pyridoxic Acid (Vitamin B6)
  • Phosphoric Acid
  • Glyceric Acid
  • Glycolic Acid
  • Oxalic Acid